Human trafficking is a crime in Ireland, under the Criminal Law (Human Trafficking) Act 2008. It is also a human rights violation and the subject of international treaties to prevent, suppress and punish it.
For a situation to constitute human trafficking in Ireland it must involve:
- Recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a person
- By means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power or a position of vulnerability or the giving or receiving of payments
- For the purpose of exploitation including sexual exploitation, labour exploitation, forced begging, forced criminality, organ removal or other types of exploitation
There is no requirement for a person to have crossed an international border for trafficking to have taken place- it can and does take place within national borders.
It is also important to understand that although people smuggling and human trafficking are linked, there are fundamental differences between the two: in particular, people smuggling involves the consent of the person being smuggled, while being trafficked is involuntary.